Gone are the times to measure pesticides / herbicides with the “GULUG” method for controlling weeds and pests. Agricultural experts have developed an integrated pest management program. What is a program of integrated pest management? It is a program in place to control weeds and pests without harming the environment.
A pest is a kind of living organism that may have adverse effects caused. Plague are organizations in the following groups: fungi, plants, insects, mites, rodents and snails, birds, and some forms of animals such as deer, raccoons and bears.
A pesticide is any kind of material used to kill, control or management of pests. Pesticides are products used to manage plant growth. They are used as growth regulators. In most cases, additives are added to pesticides in order to improve their effectiveness.
A herbicide is any type of equipment used to kill, control or management of weeds. In some cases, such as weeds can sometimes attract beneficial insects.
The disease is also a concern for producers, because they either come from environmental stress (too much water) or parasitic infections (bacteria, fungi and viruses). Identification is usually on the symptoms, but symptoms are the same for different conditions so it is important to correctly recognize what you have to achieve to make appropriate treatment.
There are five ways to control these problems in a vineyard.
First Health checks, including the cleaning of all tools, containers and machinery. Certified disease-free plants. Vineyard or plant quarantine. Soil sterilization by heat. Keep areas clear of trash and weeds that may harbor the disease. Disease Control implementation vectors such as insects.
Second Cultural Change Control the environment. Resistance to plant diseases Plants.Good institution. Strong plants are more resistant.
Third Mechanical controls, remove all diseased leaves or growth.
4th This biological control is a relatively new method involves the use of biological control agents and the control sample of female pheromones for mating.
5th Chemical control with fungicides treated .. Applying fungicides and bactericides in soil and plants.
Case Study 1st -What to do
You have just returned from your vineyard, and found an infestation of leaf Hoopers. In a program of integrated pest management, you should check all the alternatives or eliminate the problem has been exposed. Do you want to spray with chemicals to eliminate pests? Can you live with the disease? Is there really cause problems? How are your relations with your neighbors when spraying? Is it for the quality of fruit when I do not spray? Can I use a product or a method that is non-intrusive? One that will not harm the plant or the environment?
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